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	<title>fourth edition &#187; texts and words</title>
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	<link>http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk</link>
	<description>- the blog formerly known as bookish</description>
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		<title>Arboretum</title>
		<link>http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2011/11/arboretum/</link>
		<comments>http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2011/11/arboretum/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 14 Nov 2011 16:11:17 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Karie</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Language]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Purls]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Crafty]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Glasgow]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[music video]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[poetry]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Scotland]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[texts and words]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[youtube]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/?p=3786</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Visual poetry: a poetry form in which the shape of the poem is as important as the words themselves. The Scottish poet and gardener Ian Hamilton Smith combined gardening, sculptures and poetry to great effect. The woods around Bennachie yield &#8230; <a href="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2011/11/arboretum/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/November-2011-064.jpg"><img class="alignleft size-full wp-image-3787" title="November 2011 064" src="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/November-2011-064.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="195" /></a>Visual poetry: a poetry form in which the shape of the poem is as important as the words themselves. The Scottish poet and gardener <a href="http://www.ianhamiltonfinlay.com/ian_hamilton_finlay.html">Ian Hamilton Smith</a> combined gardening, sculptures and poetry to great effect. The woods around <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bennachie">Bennachie</a> yield beautiful surprises as you walk around in them:  words carved in stone, sentences arranged amongst branches and trunks.  I live far from Bennachie, but I live very close to <a href="http://www.scotland-guide.co.uk/ALL_AREAS_IN_SCOTLAND/Glasgow/Areas/West_End/Botanic_Gardens/Botanic_Gardens_-_arboretum.htm">The Glasgow Arboretum</a> (you can almost see my home in the photo) where you can also find fragments of poetry scattered among the trees.</p>
<p>My winter mitts? A fairly quick, uncomplicated knit. I used a pattern I found in <a title="The Knitting Book by Patmore &amp; Haffenden" href="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2011/09/the-knitting-book-by-patmore-haffeden/">The Knitting Book </a>and <a href="http://www.garnstudio.com/lang/en/includes/printyarn.php?id=93">yarn given to me</a> by my mother. I have tiny hands, so went down a few needle sizes and I also added thumbs. The yarn matches a cowl and a hat I made earlier, so I&#8217;m all set for winter now. <em>Bring it on</em>.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/November-2011-104.jpg"><img class="alignright size-full wp-image-3788" title="November 2011 104" src="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/November-2011-104.jpg" alt="" width="150" height="200" /></a>I am spending today swatching for a future project/design. I played around with charts in Excel earlier and now I&#8217;m trying to figure out which texture I like best. It is always fun trying to strike a balance between my personal aesthetics, an imagined level of difficulty, and the actual <em>purpose</em> of the pattern.</p>
<p>I had a quick Twitter exchange with a few people after I came up with a true lace chart (i.e. lace knitted on both sides). I loved the <em>idea</em> of the pattern, but when I started to work it up in 4ply I knew it did not work in such a relatively heavy yarn. Twitterati consensus was that true lace is <em>scary</em>. I don&#8217;t think this is necessarily true, but I know that this is what many people feel. Honestly, this project is not one for &#8216;scary&#8217; lace so that chart was shelved alongside many other charts. Hopefully I will find the right project for it at some point.</p>
<p>Meanwhile I have come up with another chart &#8211; or, rather, four different versions of the same chart. I am busy swatching trying to figure out which version works best. I&#8217;m using some leftover Old Maiden Aunt merino/silk for the swatches. I need more of this yarn, I really do. It&#8217;s beautiful to work with on my new Addi bamboo needles.</p>
<p>Finally, the soundtrack for work: I rediscovered this album this morning. <em>The light is pale and thin. Like you.</em> Has it really been 19 years?<br />
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		<title>West End Walk</title>
		<link>http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2011/08/west-end-walk/</link>
		<comments>http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2011/08/west-end-walk/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 03 Aug 2011 04:28:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Karie</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Photography]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Scotland]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Glasgow]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[home]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[texts and words]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/?p=3591</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Hey babe, take a walk in the West End.. Open the gate.. What will you find? A chance encounter with beauty.. ..or something else inside? Maybe just a place to rest for a while. Then close the door and whisper &#8230; <a href="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2011/08/west-end-walk/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: center;"><em>Hey babe, take a walk in the West End..</em></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/August-2011-004.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-3593" title="August 2011 004" src="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/August-2011-004.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="225" /></a><em>Open the gate..</em></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/August-2011-011.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-3594" title="August 2011 011" src="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/August-2011-011.jpg" alt="" width="225" height="300" /></a><em>What will you find?</em></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/August-2011-015.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-3595" title="August 2011 015" src="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/August-2011-015.jpg" alt="" width="225" height="300" /></a><em>A chance encounter with beauty..</em></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/August-2011-008.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-3596" title="August 2011 008" src="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/August-2011-008.jpg" alt="" width="225" height="300" /></a><em>..or something else inside?</em></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/August-2011-010.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-3597" title="August 2011 010" src="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/August-2011-010.jpg" alt="" width="225" height="300" /></a><em>Maybe just a place to rest for a while.</em></p>
<p><a href="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/August-2011-022.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-3592" title="August 2011 022" src="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/August-2011-022.jpg" alt="" width="225" height="300" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><em>Then close the door and whisper &#8216;bye, bye&#8217;.</em></p>
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		<title>Fingerprints</title>
		<link>http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2010/10/fingerprints/</link>
		<comments>http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2010/10/fingerprints/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 21 Oct 2010 20:25:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Karie</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Alasdair Gray]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Art]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Personal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Glasgow]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[love]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[paratextuality]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[personal stuff]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Print Culture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[self]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[texts and words]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/?p=2946</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This will require a bit of back-story, but not much. Alasdair Gray is a Glaswegian writer and artist. I once spent a lot of time looking at how he imagines and uses the Book as a material object. Somewhere in &#8230; <a href="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2010/10/fingerprints/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2008/08/alasdairgray_signed.png"><img class="alignleft size-full wp-image-167" title="Alasdair Gray, Signed" src="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2008/08/alasdairgray_signed.png" alt="" width="250" height="353" /></a>This will require a bit of back-story, but not much.</p>
<p>Alasdair Gray is a Glaswegian writer and artist. I once spent a lot of time looking at how he imagines and uses the Book as a material object. Somewhere in this flat I have a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnum_opus">opus magnum</a> which details Gray&#8217;s use of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paratext">paratextual</a> elements in constructing and assembling his books (In case you care, his <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Book_of_Prefaces">The Book of Prefaces</a> really pushes these ideas to the very edge. I wouldn&#8217;t call it an interesting read; it&#8217;s a maddening exercise in finding a text. It&#8217;s fun.)</p>
<p>In short: I like Alasdair Gray a great deal. In a strange and roundabout way, Gray&#8217;s work in art and fiction was one of the reasons I moved to Glasgow and probably also one of the reasons why I connected with Glasgow so quickly. When you spend a significant amount of time living with your head inside books that <em>write</em> Glasgow, Glasgow herself becomes familiar.</p>
<p>I was watching BBC&#8217;s <em>The Culture show</em> tonight. Alex Kapranos was reading a passage from <a href="http://www.lanark1982.co.uk/lanark.html">Gray&#8217;s <em>Lanark</em></a> whilst sitting in <a href="http://www.oran-mor.co.uk/page/Alasdair_Gray_157.html">Óran Mór</a>. The inside of my head was splattered across the television screen. To clarify: the frontman whose band&#8217;s <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JwVp7OAUygc">first album</a> was <em>the</em> soundtrack to my life circa 2003-2005; the passage the very one you can find in the sidebar on this website; the novel which spawned a thousand and one things; and my local pub which just so happens to be decorated by Gray himself.</p>
<p>I learned that Alasdair Gray is working on a giant mural for my local underground station, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hillhead_subway_station">Hillhead</a>. And there is <a href="http://www.ed.ac.uk/about/museums-galleries/talbot-rice/current/alasdairgray">an exhibition in Edinburgh</a> (there are <a href="http://www.nationalgalleries.org/whatson/seasons/5:19208/date/2010-09-01/19776/19904">two exhibitions</a>, actually, but I&#8217;m mostly interested in the first one).</p>
<p>Life is very odd and very good and very bitter-sweet and very perfect sometimes. I am amazed at where my life has taken me.</p>
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		<title>Reading the Past</title>
		<link>http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2010/02/reading-the-past/</link>
		<comments>http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2010/02/reading-the-past/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 05 Feb 2010 14:15:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Karie</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Print Culture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[academia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[boo-hiss]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[politics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[real life]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[texts and words]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/?p=2111</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The economic recession has claimed many victims. The first phase saw people losing jobs, companies going bankrupt and banks folding. Experts say that this first wave is over. Signs of economic growth are visible in the financial sectors. We are &#8230; <a href="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2010/02/reading-the-past/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/scribe1.jpg"><img class="alignleft size-full wp-image-2110" title="scribe" src="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/scribe1.jpg" alt="" width="187" height="200" /></a>The economic recession has claimed many victims. The first phase saw people losing jobs, companies going bankrupt and banks folding. Experts say that this first wave is over. Signs of economic growth are visible in the financial sectors. We are now living through the second phase: spending cuts have to be made. This is all very textbook <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keynesian_economics">Keynesian economic theory</a> and I recommend reading up on John Maynard Keynes (quite apart from being a significant economist, Keynes was also part of the <a href="http://www.tate.org.uk/archivejourneys/bloomsburyhtml/group.htm">Bloomsbury group</a> alongside Virginia Woolf, E.M. Forster and Lyndham Lewis) if most of the current financial news leaves you confused.</p>
<p>Spending cuts hurt. Before Christmas, many of my physicist friends were shocked when<a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/global/2009/dec/16/science-funding-cuts-stfc-physics-studentships"> spending cuts to the tune of £115m</a> were made in the science research sector. When I graduated from university in Denmark some seven or eight years ago, I saw what huge spending cuts will do to scientific research. It was not pretty. My then-department went from being autonomous with at least six new PhD students every year to being yoked together with five other subjects and get one PhD student every other year. The departmental restructuring made for some interesting cross-pollination, but also for disastrous academic results.</p>
<p>And so I learn that <a href="http://timesonline.typepad.com/dons_life/2010/01/university-cuts-redundancies-and-byebye-palaeography.html">Kings College London may have to shut down its Palaeography department</a> in order to meet budget targets. No restructuring, no &#8220;let us marry you to Library Science (however awkward) or maybe History or how about Archaeology?&#8221; and no shuffling the cards. I am not just saddened. I am shocked. KCL is the only place in the UK to have a Palaeography department and, I believe, even the only place in Europe.</p>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palaeography">Palaeography</a>, the study of ancient handwriting, may sound like a very obscure subject &#8211; and really it <em>is</em> an obscure subject &#8211; but it is also incredibly important to scholars. Printing being a very recent invention, most available written material was done by hand and scholars <em>need</em> to be able to decipher handwriting. You get different <a href="http://www.ancientscripts.com/ws.html">writing systems</a> (think <a href="http://www.ancientscripts.com/ugaritic.html">Cuneiform</a>), different <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphabet">alphabets</a> (think how different <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenician_alphabet">the Phoenician alphabet</a> looks to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_alphabet">the Latin alphabet</a>) and then different ways of interpreting the alphabets through writing. Pre-printing, many European kingdoms would have their own way of combining and forming letters &#8211; <a href="http://www.childrenofthecode.org/interviews/drucker.htm">Johanna Drucker</a> is particularly good on this, if you want to read more &#8211; and some handwriting is only intelligible to specialists who have studied handwriting traditions of a particular area (South Germany, for instance). So much material is now being made available by library specialists, but now I wonder who will be around to read, understand and disseminate this material.</p>
<p>(If I had know that Palaeography existed as a discipline when I started university, I would have ended up in a very different place to now. As is, most of my knowledge is filtered through <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Print_culture">print culture</a>, so I apologise for any glaring mistakes)</p>
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		<title>The Staffordshire Hoard</title>
		<link>http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2009/09/the-staffordshire-hoard/</link>
		<comments>http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2009/09/the-staffordshire-hoard/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 24 Sep 2009 10:14:35 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Karie</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Art]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[academia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[anglo-saxon]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[archaeology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[technologies of writing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[texts and words]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[writing]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/?p=1649</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[&#8220;This is going to alter our perceptions of Anglo-Saxon England… as radically, if not more so, as the Sutton Hoo discoveries. Absolutely the equivalent of finding a new Lindisfarne Gospels or Book of Kells.&#8221; &#8211; Leslie Webster, Former Keeper, Department &#8230; <a href="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2009/09/the-staffordshire-hoard/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>&#8220;This is going to alter our perceptions of Anglo-Saxon England… as radically, if not more so, as the Sutton Hoo discoveries. Absolutely the equivalent of finding a new Lindisfarne Gospels or Book of Kells.&#8221; &#8211; Leslie Webster, Former Keeper, Department of Prehistory and Europe, British Museum</p></blockquote>
<p>The UK&#8217;s largest haul of Anglo-Saxon treasure has been discovered buried beneath a field in Staffordshire by an amateur metal detector enthusiast. <a href="http://www.staffordshirehoard.org.uk/">The Staffordshire Hoard</a> comprises of more than 1,500 individual items and most objects appear to date around the 7th century. You can read the entire press statement <a href="http://www.staffordshirehoard.org.uk/about/">here</a>.</p>
<p>I am incredibly excited by this hoard. One of the items which really intrigues is <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/finds/3944380308/in/set-72157622378376316/">a strip of gold bearing a Biblical inscription</a>. I&#8217;m excited because we don&#8217;t often see examples of handwriting from this age as most writing would have been done on (easily perishable) wax tablets. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindisfarne_Gospels">The Lindisfarne Gospels</a> date from around the same period, of course, but seeing writing employed outside a manuscript page is just really, really fantastic &#8211; particularly as you are seeing a religious inscription on an arguably secular item.</p>
<p>You can see <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/finds/sets/72157622378376316/">beautifully detailed photos</a> of the hoard on Flickr and while <a href="http://www.staffordshirehoard.org.uk/">the Staffordshire Hoard website</a> is currently struggling to cope with the number of visitors, I encourage you to seek it out.</p>
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		<title>Knit A Poem</title>
		<link>http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2009/08/knit-a-poem/</link>
		<comments>http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2009/08/knit-a-poem/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 21 Aug 2009 21:36:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Karie</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Craft]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Knitting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Literature]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Purls]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[yarn]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Crafty]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Personal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[poetry]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[texts and words]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/?p=1552</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Knitting and poetry are more similar than they might first appear, she added, with poet laureate Carol Ann Duffy partial to an occasional knit, and the Society&#8217;s president Jo Shapcott, Seamus Heaney and Emily Dickinson all authors of poems featuring &#8230; <a href="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2009/08/knit-a-poem/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>Knitting and poetry are more similar than they might first appear, she added, with poet laureate Carol Ann Duffy partial to an occasional knit, and the Society&#8217;s president Jo Shapcott, Seamus Heaney and Emily Dickinson all authors of poems featuring knitting. &#8220;With poetry and with knitting, you work line by line, and if something goes wrong you have to unravel it,&#8221; Palmer said.</p></blockquote>
<p>In order to celebrate the Poetry Society&#8217;s centenary, <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2009/aug/18/giant-knitted-poem">people around the world are knitting individual letters which will be made into one giant poem</a>. Yes, I am one of them. I have been assigned the letter G and I&#8217;m working on my letter in-between other projects as I&#8217;m not a huge fan of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intarsia_%28knitting%29">intarsia</a> technique. But I love poetry and I celebrate that something as wonderful as <a href="http://www.poetrysociety.org.uk/">The Poetry Society</a> exists in this day and age.</p>
<p>Keep up-to-date with the ongoing project at <a href="http://www.poetrysociety.org.uk/content/knit/">Knit A Poem &#8211; The Poetry Society</a>.</p>
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		<title>&#8220;Because I know I shall not know&#8221;</title>
		<link>http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2009/06/because-i-know-i-shall-not-know/</link>
		<comments>http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2009/06/because-i-know-i-shall-not-know/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 06 Jun 2009 00:08:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Karie</dc:creator>
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		<category><![CDATA[eliot]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[love]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[poetry]]></category>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/?p=1345</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I have read poetry most of my life, it seems. I was a quiet Danish teenage girl who read Lord Byron and Rupert Brooke in the school library, swooning over the bold romanticism of the poets&#8217; words and lives. When &#8230; <a href="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2009/06/because-i-know-i-shall-not-know/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I have read poetry most of my life, it seems. I was a quiet Danish teenage girl who read Lord Byron and Rupert Brooke in the school library, swooning over the bold romanticism of the poets&#8217; words and lives. When I was sixteen or seventeen, I bought <a href="http://store.doverpublications.com/0486272842.html">a slim volume of poetry</a>. Away from school, I discovered Sir Philip Sidney, Lord Tennyson and DH Lawrence. Poetry became an escape from the clutter and clatter of my everyday life. And, yes, I romanticised poetry.</p>
<p>Then I began University and one morning between classes I was catching up with my reading. That is when I encountered <a href="http://www.bartleby.com/198/1.html">The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock</a> by TS Eliot and, although I normally try to avoid hyperbolic blanket statements, that poem effing changed my life. It was like language streaming straight in my veins and I felt drunk on poetry for the first, but not the last, time.</p>
<p>Let me confess: I have a special place in my heart (and brain) for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_modernism">High Modernism</a>. Earlier <a href="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2008/11/thoughts-of-a-dry-brain-in-a-dry-season/">I described</a> High Modernism as</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;that vast array of strange and deliberately disconcerting art forms which emerged in the Western part of the world around 1908-ish and which petered out towards the end of the 1930s. Shklovsky’s definition of <a href="http://www.geocities.com/%7Elezard/lexicon/o/ostranen.html">остранение</a> (<em>ostranenie</em> or ‘defamiliarisation’) describes my favourite art works so splendidly: they unsettle the readers/listeners/spectators by forcing them to acknowledge the <em>artifice</em> of art (and thereby making a clean break with the naturalist tradition of art).&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<p>This is an intellectual sort of enjoyment: I enjoy the game of making meaning; I derive pleasure from understanding patterns emerging from seeming chaos. I really like poets like Ezra Pound and Gertrude Stein for these reasons. I have to work to get at the ideas behind the poems. TS Eliot fits in with all this, of course, but I also derive a very raw emotional pleasure from his poetry.</p>
<p>For me, Eliot&#8217;s poetry is about understanding life. It is about finding your own way between one word and the next, between one moment and the next. It is about being intellectually curious, acknowledging how that is both a gift and a curse, and finding methods of dealing with this. It is about fragments and meta-narratives. It is about hope and loss of hope. It is about being human. It is tough, raw, almost unbearable and yet so .. beautiful.</p>
<p><small></small></p>
<p>My favourite Eliot poem is probably <a href="http://www.msgr.ca/msgr-7/ash_wednesday_t_s_eliot.htm">Ash Wednesday</a> (from which the title is taken). An odd choice for an agnostic woman, perhaps, but it marks the transition from Eliot the High Modernist to Eliot the Religious Poet. I have always been drawn towards <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liminal">liminality</a>.</p>
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		<title>Yes, Words Matter</title>
		<link>http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2009/05/yes-words-matter/</link>
		<comments>http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2009/05/yes-words-matter/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 27 May 2009 11:03:23 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Karie</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Denmark]]></category>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/?p=1307</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[BBC has a Poetry Season which means I am watching far more TV than I usually do. So far Gryff Rhys Jones has explored why poetry matters, the Orkney poet George Mackay Brown has had his own programme, and last &#8230; <a href="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2009/05/yes-words-matter/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>BBC has a <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/poetryseason/">Poetry Season</a> which means I am watching far more TV than I usually do. So far Gryff Rhys Jones has explored why poetry matters, the Orkney poet George Mackay Brown has had his own programme, and last night I got a full hour of Simon Schama and Fiona Shaw reading John Donne to each other (phoawr!). Armando Iannucci is looking at John Milton later on and, get this, there is an entire programme devoted to my favourite poet, TS Eliot. Thank you, Auntie Beeb. It is such a pleasure to listen to and experience precise language when the world is so full of imprecise language.</p>
<p>Poetry matters because language matters.</p>
<p>Which is excatly why I find it so troubling that the Danish government calls <a href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/8068255.stm">their crackdown on Christiania</a> (as well as the earlier <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ungdomshuset">eviction of Ungdomshuset</a>) &#8220;a process of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normalization_(sociology)">normalization</a>&#8220;.</p>
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		<title>Into the Woods</title>
		<link>http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2009/02/into-the-woods/</link>
		<comments>http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2009/02/into-the-woods/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 02 Feb 2009 13:27:53 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Karie</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Craft]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Knitting]]></category>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/?p=915</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Yes, I know I said stuff about knitting with grey wool. The phrases &#8220;never again&#8221;, &#8220;not in the winter months&#8221; and &#8220;I need colour!!!!!&#8221; may have passed my lips. But I&#8217;ve changed my mind. The pattern is Norwegian Woods by &#8230; <a href="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2009/02/into-the-woods/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img src="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/feb2009-001-225x300.jpg" alt="feb2009-001" title="feb2009-001" width="225" height="300" class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-914" />Yes, I know I said stuff about knitting with grey wool. The phrases &#8220;never again&#8221;, &#8220;not in the winter months&#8221; and &#8220;I need colour!!!!!&#8221; may have passed my lips. </p>
<p>But I&#8217;ve changed my mind.</p>
<p>The pattern is <a href="http://www.siviaharding.com/patterns/norwegian_woods_scarf_or_shawl/">Norwegian Woods</a> by Sivia Harding. Earlier this year I knitted a few repeats of it in the <i>gawjuss</i> Old Maiden Aunt silk/merino yarn I have stashed away. I was flippant, made a few too many mistakes and ripped it all out. Now I&#8217;m knitting the shawl in <a href="http://www.framtak.com/eysturoy/places/wool.html">Snældan&#8217;s 1-ply wool</a> (Faroese wool mixed with a touch of Falkland Islands wool &#8211; and spun on the Faroe Islands!). I&#8217;ll blog more about the shawl as it progresses.</p>
<p>As you can see from the photo, it is snowing in Glasgow today. South-east England has had a couple of inches of snow and they are <a href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/7864395.stm">panicking</a>. Silly people (sayeth this Scandinavian gal) For once I don&#8217;t mind the snow so much and it made for a great photo opportunity this morning. Right now I&#8217;m still seeing ginormous snowflakes hurling towards the ground.</p>
<p>A couple of links (because my links folder is bursting at its seams).<br />
+ <a href="http://www.snorgtees.com/mixedmartialartsandcrafts-p-542.html">I really want this t-shirt</a>.<br />
+ Is there anything Barack Obama cannot do? Well, I&#8217;m not too hot on <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/18/us/politics/18poems.html?_r=1">his poetry</a>. Dare I say it? I write better poetry than him? I do.<br />
+ <a href="http://www.boston.com/bigpicture/2009/01/more_of_london_from_above_at_n.html">Great photos of London from above</a> (thanks, Molly)<br />
+ A bit more heavy-going than I usually get here: <a href="http://abecedarianfx.blogspot.com/2009/01/we-who-are-left-behind-poetry-as-in.html">We Who Are Left Behind: Poetry as Testimony in Derrida and Celan</a>.<br />
+ Amazing Flickr photo-stream: <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/larsdaniel/">Lars Daniel</a>. He makes me miss Copenhagen even more.<br />
+ <a href="http://www.behance.net/Gallery/Type-as-image/142738">Type as Image</a>. It does wot it sez on teh tin.</p>
<p>Have a lovely day &#8211; with or without snow.</p>
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		<title>Comfort Reading</title>
		<link>http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2008/12/comfort-reading/</link>
		<comments>http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2008/12/comfort-reading/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 23 Dec 2008 14:05:10 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Karie</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Literature]]></category>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/?p=689</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The last Christmas present has been wrapped (Misty Garden by Jo Sharp in Rowan Damask), I have had a lovely pre-Christmas get-together with friends and I &#8216;just&#8217; need to pack my bag now. Yes, that was a slightly hysterical &#8216;just&#8217; &#8230; <a href="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/2008/12/comfort-reading/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img src="http://www.fourth-edition.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2008/12/dec-2008-188-225x300.jpg" alt="dec-2008-188" title="dec-2008-188" width="225" height="300" class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-691" />The last Christmas present has been wrapped (<a href="http://www.flickr.com/search/?q=misty+garden+jo+sharp&#038;w=all&#038;s=int&#038;referer_searched=1">Misty Garden</a> by Jo Sharp in <a href="http://www.theknittingparlour.co.uk/shop/p355-rowan-damask.html">Rowan Damask</a>), I have had a lovely pre-Christmas get-together with friends and I &#8216;just&#8217; need to pack my bag now. </p>
<p>Yes, that was a slightly hysterical &#8216;just&#8217; there. Christmas stress has finally set in and I&#8217;m getting slightly frayed at the edges. What do you mean that I &#8216;just* need to pack? Don&#8217;t you understand how that means I need to find matching socks, clothes that match and a suitable knitting project?! </p>
<p>Thankfully I have enough time to sit down and think to myself: &#8220;Yes, TS Eliot has wonderful sentence structures&#8221; which automatically means I am less stressed.</p>
<blockquote><p>The child wonders at the Christmas Tree:<br />
Let him continue in the spirit of wonder<br />
At the Feast as an event not accepted as a pretext;<br />
So that the glittering rapture, the amazement<br />
Of the first-remembered Christmas Tree,<br />
So that the surprises, delight in new possessions<br />
(Each one with its peculiar and exciting smell),<br />
The expectation of the goose or turkey<br />
And the expected awe on its appearance,<br />
So that the reverence and the gaiety<br />
May not be forgotten in later experience,<br />
In the bored habituation, the fatigue, the tedium,<br />
The awareness of death, the consciousness of failure,<br />
Or in the piety of the convert<br />
Which may be tainted with a self-conceit<br />
Displeasing to God and disrespectful to the children</p></blockquote>
<p>Eliot&#8217;s &#8220;The Cultivation of Christmas Trees&#8221; is rather obscure as Eliot poems go. It is a continuation of the mystical-religious poetry he wrote in the mid-1930s to late 1940s &#8211; the poetry that hardly ever gets anthologised and only occasionally gets taught. I am not a religious person myself, but I derive much comfort from Eliot&#8217;s poetry (both the heady early Modernist period and the mystical late years). </p>
<p>Today it was a pleasure and a respite to sit down with &#8220;The Cultivation of Christmas Trees&#8221; and just let myself drift into the convoluted-ness of it all. A pleasure.</p>
<p>Oh, and happy birthday to my mother who is ever-young. I don&#8217;t know how she does it but I suspect she must have a portrait hidden away in the attic..</p>
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